Reptile & Amphibian News Blog
Keep up with news and features of interest to the reptile and amphibian community on the kingsnake.com blog. We cover breaking stories from the mainstream and scientific media, user-submitted photos and videos, and feature articles and photos by Jeff Barringer, Richard Bartlett, and other herpetologists and herpetoculturists.
Wednesday, July 31 2013
When firefighters entered a burning home in northern Utah, they found a roomful of snakes, some venomous.
From ABC News:
Among the snakes that were found were some of the most deadly, including five albino western diamondbacks and a Gaboon viper.
“The Gaboon viper is considered one of the most dangerous snakes in the world,” said Brad Hunt of the Utah Division of Wildlife. “It has very long fangs and very potent venom.”
The Gaboon Viper is indigenous to Africa, and anti-venom for the snake is not readily available in the United States.
Having venomous snakes is illegal in the state of Utah, and even native snakes must be registered and have permits. It is suspected that the owner, whose name has not been released but who officials believe is a snake professional or breeder, smuggled at least the Gaboon viper from out of state.
He was cited for possession of illegal animals, and Animal Control was in contact with an attorney to consider options for pressing any misdemeanor charges.
The snakes that he owned legally will be returned to him, officials said.
An animal control officer on the scene noted "the snakes were kept in 'incredible condition' and in 'immaculate facilities.'"
Read the full story here.
Photo: Gaboon viper by kingsnake.com user viperkeeper.
The availability of captive-bred reptile and amphibian species to work with today is almost endless, with new color phases and morphs being discovered or created all the time.
Back when I was a hobbyist in the 80s and 90s, only a few species were being produced in captivity, primarily native colubrid snakes along with a small handful of exotics. The other species available, especially the exotic species, were almost invariably wild-caught imports, and even such animals as Honduran milk snakes, common in the captive-bred community today, were only available as parasite-infested wild-caught specimens whose survival was often questionable. Sports, or morphs, were virtually unknown, albinos truly rare, piebalds a holy grail.
With all the choices available today, just how do you pick which reptile or amphibian species to work with?
No matter what your interest is, there is something available for you, and that's the first place to start: your interests.
Certainly there are other factors involved, not the least of which are space, cost, legality, etc., that all must be considered, but in the end, if you're not interested in the species or morph, why work with it? Whether you want to work with Pacman frogs because you like Pacman frogs, or you want to chase the rainbow by breeding the latest and greatest ball python or hognose morphs, if you're not working with something you're interested in, you might as well be delivering pizzas instead.
My interests have been, and always will be, kingsnakes and milk snakes, and because that also happens to be the "branding" chosen for this web site long long ago, it's a natural that I've started by breeding kingsnakes and milk snakes. With relatively easy care requirements, and a variety of species, sub-species, and color morphs to work with, they make excellent examples of "first time breeder" animals, one for which a ready market exists.
My business plan calls for acquiring several hundred kingsnake and milk snake hatchlings over the next 24 months, along with a few select adults, raising them up, breeding them, and then selling their offspring primarily into the wholesale market. As such it will be a full three years before I can expect to see any offspring in salable quantities, or the first returns on the investment, and as such will have to make very careful and wise decisions and good deals.
I plan to work primarily with less expensive snakes to start, California kingsnakes, eastern kingsnakes, Pueblan milk snakes, and a few others, avoiding the more problematic feeders or more collectible species such as graybanded and moutain kingsnakes, as well as avoiding the "man-made" morphs and sports such as albinos. Later as the operation expands I'll look at adding more variety, but for now I'm going to focus on basics.
If you have these on your table at a show this year, or have them posted to our classifieds here, don't be surprised to find me checking out your stock.
If you started a commercial reptile breeding business, what species would you choose, and why?
This image of a Forest Cobra, uploaded by kingsnake.com user CrocodilePaul, is our herp photo of the day!
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Tuesday, July 30 2013
In a new interview with National Geographic, Dr. Michael Hutchens discusses the hazards of working in areas where there are dangerous species of invertebrates and vertebrates, both on land and water -- and how to protect yourself. During the interview, he tackles a topic that comes up constantly on kingsnake.com: the misuse of the terms "poisonous" and "venomous" when discussing snakes.
From the interview:
First let me address an issue that is a pet peeve of many biologists, and that is the difference between the terms “venomous” and “poisonous.” Many lay people use the terms interchangeably, when, if fact, they are very different. A poison is typically ingested, whereas venom is injected or actively introduced into the victim’s body. An example of the former is the cane toad (Bufo marinus)—potential predators of the toad are poisoned by toxic secretions produced by glands on the skin when they try to ingest the animal. An example of the latter is the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), a large predatory snake that literally injects venom through its syringe-like fangs that are connected to venom glands. Some venomous species, such as rear-fanged snakes and gila monsters (Heloderma suspectum, one of the world’s few venomous lizards) must chew in order to introduce the venom, since they have no efficient way of injecting it. In addition, some poisons can be introduced through means other than ingestion, as for example, when someone with a cut on their hand picks up a poison dart frog, and the poison enters the blood stream through a skin abrasion.
Hitchens and NatGeo go on to discuss other herpetofauna as well as sea life and birds. It's well worth a read.
I’m never quite sure, when I first take the dogs out early in the morning what backyard visitor I’ll encounter. It could be a raccoon, an armadillo, a grey fox, a feral cat -- or an alligator.
Alligators of various sizes often wander through the yard. They might come from the pond down the hill heading for the wide open spaces of Paynes Prairie State Preserve. Or for reasons best known to them, they may leave the comparative vastness of the Prairie (especially during drouth conditions) and aim towards the downhill neighborhood pond.
Many of the gators seem to make it as far as our yard and then take a break for an hour (or a day) before continuing their journey. If they’re small we try to see them safely across the roadway, carrying them in whichever direction they seem to be heading. If they’re large we wish them well, but they must journey at their own speed.
Continue reading "Just another alligator in the neighborhood"
This image of a Marbled Burrowing Frog, uploaded by kingsnake.com user Bunyip, is our herp photo of the day!
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Monday, July 29 2013
It's been a long while since I've kept a breeding colony of anything, so it was a surprise even to myself when I heard the words "I'm starting a commercial breeding colony of kingsnakes this year" coming from my mouth earlier this spring. Some of my friends thought I should have my head examined.
I had long ago swore off "keeping" as an addiction that in my position could easily, and quickly, spiral out of control, yet here I was making plans for exactly that, except on a larger scale than I had ever attempted as a hobbyist some 20-odd years ago.
At least this time I'd be going at it with a plan, of sorts, and a direction, rather than just buying or catching the things I thought were "cool." And now there was an industry to support my endeavor, rather than a scattered grouping of friends and a handful of reptile events.
Yeah, a lot has changed since I was a hobbyist keeper the first time. There are many more captive-bred species available, the Internet is now a vast communication network that everyone uses rather than just an odd few techno geeks, and many of the technologies and gear that hobbyists had to develop and build by hand are now readily available as quality manufactured items.
And reptile breeders are much more professional and businesslike in their approach than 20 years ago, as well. On top of that, there is much more knowledge and information available than ever before. And I have had 20+ years to learn from my, and others', mistakes.
Putting this all together should be easy, right? I'll be documenting it here, so stay tuned and find out!
This image of a Garter Snake, uploaded by kingsnake.com user concinnitor, is our herp photo of the day!
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Check out this video "Soft Shelled Turtle," submitted by kingsnake.com user freymann.
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Friday, July 26 2013
Check out the hot deals going on right now at www.rodentpro.com! We have lots of items currently on sale, but you need to hurry because the sale prices are good only while supplies last.
To see all the great deals and to place your order please visit our website www.rodentpro.com
So, a python apparently capable of eating a T. rex got out of its cage at a Dartmouth frat house this week, and to hear the national media tell it, we're just lucky Western civilization survived.
Oh, wait. Rather read the real story? Try this from the Hanover, NH, Valley News:
A small dog known to wear pink collars and matching sweaters made national headlines Wednesday after she discovered a ball python that had escaped on Dartmouth College’s campus last week.
Daisy, a 4-year-old Jack Russell/Dachshund mix, found the 3-foot-long snake while walking with her owner outside Tabard House, a coed Dartmouth fraternity, around 8 p.m. Tuesday night.
The snake’s disappearance had been picked up by the national news media when it went missing from its tank at the fraternity last week. Tabard President Connie Gong, a Dartmouth student who is watching the snake this summer, first noticed it was gone on Thursday.
The story erupted online again Wednesday, as the Associated Press picked up the scent. Other news outlets produced their own articles, including the Atlantic Wire, which dubbed the pooch “Hero Dog.”
[...]
[W]hile Hanover Police sought the public’s help in locating the snake, advising people to use caution if they came across it, [veterinarian Christine] Pinello said humans and animals alike were in little danger. Adult pythons can grow up to 5 feet, and they’re not poisonous. A python like the one that escaped Tabard would only eat small animals like mice, Pinello said.
“A 3-foot python really isn’t big,” Pinello said. “The python is probably scared.”
Hanover Police Captain Frank Moran said his department was aware that the snake had been found and the snake is now a “non-issue.”
He offered a joke, too: “The only thing that’s concerning is that now it’s 9 feet long.”
The Dartmouth reported Tuesday night that Gong said the python — named Lyude, and presumably still only 3 feet long — has been returned to its cage.
Read the full story here.
Photo: James M. Patterson/Valley News
By
Fri, July 26 2013 at 06:08
This time of year, a lot of herpetoculturists focus on the "cleidoic egg," the name given to the reptile egg. The cleidoic egg allows reptiles (and birds) to reproduce away from standing water because it encapsulates the necessary fluids needed for embryo development in a nice porous shell useful for proper gas exchange (without leaking moisture).
As with many reptile breeders, I have many thoughts on proper egg incubation. I have tried any number of media for egg incubation; I have tried various temperatures using incubators or even incubating eggs at room temperature.
The one conclusion I've reached: If the egg is fertile and the shell is well developed, the egg will hatch no matter how it is incubated. This holds true for most colubrid eggs. I realize that certain reptile species, like some pythons, may need modified egg incubation, but, I'm going to stand with this statement for most other reptiles.
That being said, there is a lot that the herpetoculturist can do to mess up their ward’s eggs. My number one "mess-up" is improper care of the adults prior to receiving the egg. Not enough food, wrong brumation temperatures, and incorrect nest box are just a few of my many errors.
A happy time of year is depicted in the following image:
This Mexican Hognose Snake is laying her eggs in her nest box. And yes, I use paper towels, not moss in the nest box. That requires proper monitoring of moisture ensuring the medium does not dry out (yet another one of my mess ups).
Continue reading "The time of the egg"
This image of a Rootbeer Cornsnake, uploaded by kingsnake.com user Bearr, is our herp photo of the day!
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Thursday, July 25 2013
Well, actually, it takes more than a bit of rain to get the gopher frogs, Rana capito, up and moving. Truth be told, a bit of rain may get them near the mouths of the burrows in which they are usually secluded, but it takes a whole durn-lot of rain to get them out of and beyond their entryways.
The gopher frog may be the most seldom seen of the “common” southeastern frogs. A species of sandhill ponds, it spends a goodly percentage of the daylight hours an arm’s length or further back in the burrow of the gopher tortoise. When in the ponds the snoring calls of the gopher frog are unmistakable.
Like most frogs, the gopher frog is capable of considerable color change. Often having a ground color of light tan to light brown with irregular dark spots and bars when warm, they darken considerably when cold. When cold they may be nearly black. Then the darker markings are all but indiscernable.
Continue reading "Gopher frogs: It takes a little rain"
From Yahoo News Canada:
A group of biologists working in Saskatchewan's Grasslands National Park are trying to save one of Canada's rarest and perhaps strangest creatures — the greater short-horned lizard.
This lizard, which can be found anywhere between New Mexico and southwestern Alberta, has a rather unique and strange defense mechanism. It shoots its own blood from its eyes to ward off an attacker.
The lizard has been considered endangered on Canada's Species At Risk list since 2007, mainly due to habitat loss from "ongoing oil and gas development, proliferation of roads, proposed mineral development, and an increased human presence."
Read the story here, and watch video of this lizard's bloody defenses under the jump.
Continue reading "Scientists work to save lizard"
This image of a Northern Water Snake, uploaded by kingsnake.com user johne, is our herp photo of the day!
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Wednesday, July 24 2013
We're used to drop-ins at our place, and last week was no exception. A 30-inch gator took up residence in the small frog pool we dug on the unfenced north end of our yard.
We live about a half mile from a large pond, fed by a small creek. Once in a while a good-sized gator is on the losing side of a nocturnal territory dispute and leaves the pond as a result.
We've had 8-footers in our yard twice. Once or twice during daylight hours we've seen smaller gators, about 4 feet long, stalking with great dignity alongside Williston Road, a busy street that separates our yard and the large pond from Payne's Prairie. But this is a losing stroll; busy roadways and wandering gators don't mix. A few may make it across; the next day all we see are the flattened corpses of those that don't.
Although they have been amazing prolific, it is still hard to be an alligator in Florida. Human invaders have taken over lakeside/riverside properties and their yappy dogs/sunning housecats are no match for a gator's jaws. Homeowners are nervous about gators, but dry land unprovoked attacks on humans are extremely rare. Alligators seem to sense human contact is to be avoided. But when the young gators grow too large to be tolerated by the resident bull gators, territory disputes result and the loser has to leave. Will he find a place to live before he wanders across a roadway? It's a race against time, stacked against the gator.
"Help" is available. The state has a program to deal with what's called nuisance alligators, those four feet or longer that are considered to be dangerous by the individuals who call the state's wildlife hotline. A licensed alligator trapper is summoned to haul away said gator. That gator, poor thing, becomes the property of the trapper. The "property" turns into meat and a tanned skin, a source of income for the trapper.
We discovered our latest too-small-to-be-a-problem gator late one afternoon when we walked up the hill to see how the new sod rimming the frog pool was faring. Centered in the pool, splayed to keep himself as inconspicuous as possible and circling to keep us in sight, was a thin, small gator. He obviously found us disquieting. The problem was space; the pool he had "discovered" was just 15 feet in diameter and maybe a foot deep. The pool wasn't large enough to offer enough cover to a hatchling gator, much less to this guy, who we guessed at maybe two years old. (A foot of water doesn't provide any invisibility to a creature whose survival depends on not being seen.)
We thought about where to relocate him (we know more about nearby bodies of water that he would, obviously) , but in the meantime hospitality won out and we offered comfort food. This was in the form of two dead white mice, tossed in the pond under cover of darkness. The impact of mice on water resulted in an agitated thrashing on the part of the gator.
Our visit and the mice evidently proved to be too much of an intrusion. Next morning the gator was gone and the untouched mice were still near the water's edge. I haven't had the heart to check Williston Road.
Continue reading "Young gator seeks home"
An alligator handler in Florida had his arm broken in two places when a thousand-pound gator bit him during a demonstration at a party.
From the Sun-Sentinel:
Will Nace, a volunteer handler, was bitten by the alligator Lunge while performing during a private party at Native Village on Saturday, said park co-owner Ian Tyson.
The alligator grabbed Nace's arm and dragged him into a pond where the two spun around. Another trainer jumped into the gated pit and manage to set Nace's arm free.
Surge Achille, a party-planner at the park, said the frightening incident took less than a few minutes.
"It was surrreal. It was like your mind couldn't catch up with what was happening," Achille said. "I kept thinking it wasn't real, but it was."
Nace will require multiple surgeries and skin grafts. Read the full story here.
Photo: Sun-Sentinel
This image of Spotted Turtles, uploaded by kingsnake.com user apeltes, is our herp photo of the day!
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Tuesday, July 23 2013
It's not often the Daily Mail and Gawker both pick up a story about a snake, but this one -- from the "you can't make this stuff up" category -- took the prize.
As reported in the Times of Israel:
According to a Channel 10 report, the man, a resident of central Israel, paid his parents a visit in the northern town of Nofit. While sitting on the john, he was rudely and painfully interrupted when a snake appeared and bit his penis. The victim “ran from the room in horror” and went to Haifa’s Rambam Medical Center for treatment, according to the report.
A blood test found that the snake was not venomous. The man was in good condition, but doctors decided to keep him under medical supervision.
Read it here .
Changing habitat conditions have also taken a toll on the southern populations of the marbled salamander, Ambystoma opacum. I know this from personal experience.
Both Bishop ( Handbook of Salamanders) and Conant ( A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern North America) (1947 and 1958 respectively) showed the range of the marbled salamander extending southward on Florida’s Gulf Coast to Tampa Bay. That it extended at least that far south in the mid 1960s is a certainty for Ron Sayers, and I found adults and metamorphs of this beautiful mole salamander under discarded ties beneath a railroad bridge in Lithia Springs.
Between then and today (2013), this still-widespread eastern taxon seems to have lost its foothold on the Florida peninsula, but is still known to occur in suitable habitats on the Florida panhandle. The range of the marbled salamander along the eastern seaboard no longer seems to extend south of southeastern Georgia.
Continue reading "Amphibian habitat is being destroyed, part 2: The marbled salamander"
This image of a Juvenile Alligator, uploaded by kingsnake.com user mwright82, is our herp photo of the day!
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Monday, July 22 2013
This image of a Boa Constrictor, uploaded by kingsnake.com user mpollard, is our herp photo of the day!
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Check out this video "Sulcata Tortoise Trouble," submitted by kingsnake.com user rugbyman2000.
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Friday, July 19 2013
It's Friday, so let's be happy! And all you have to do to get that way is read this good news from the Houston Zoo, where their efforts to keep Houston toad populations healthy and thriving are paying off.
From the zoo blog:
We have been very successful in raising the tadpoles and subsequent toadlets that we kept back from our releases. Of all the tadpoles that hatched from the eggs, we only lost 5! We now actually have too many toadlets (200+) to keep here at the facility! In the coming weeks, we will once again work with researchers from Texas State University and USFWS to release these little guys back out into the wild. This will mark our fourth release of the year and is the first time ever that we have released three different life stages: eggs, juveniles, and adults!
Read the rest here!
Photo: Houston Zoo
Drought? Development? Climate changes? Other? Or all of those causes listed? I don’t have the ability to assign a cause or causes, but I do know that over the last six decades (since I have been active in the field), the southernmost ranges of at least two amphibian species -- the marbled salamander and the ornate chorus frog -- have been dramatically altered.
In the range maps of the 1958 edition of A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern North America, Roger Conant, meticulous for accuracy, showed ornate chorus frogs, Pseudacris ornata, south along both coasts of Florida to the latitude of Lake Okeechobee.
Since I had never found this frog south of Bradenton on Florida’s Gulf Coast (and had never looked for it on the Caribbean Coast), I queried Mr. Conant about the statement made that the frog was found “through most of Florida."
Continue reading "Amphibian habitat is being destroyed: part 1"
This image of a Water Moccasin, uploaded by kingsnake.com user BowieKnife357, is our herp photo of the day!
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Thursday, July 18 2013
Dozens of animals, including a number of rare lizards and a baby alligator, were stolen from the Australian Reptile Park last week.
From News.com.au:
There are concerns for the reptiles as some are sensitive and require high maintenance, and without proper care there is a significant risk of them not surviving.
Australian Reptile Park senior curator Liz Vella said they were unsure exactly which animals and how many were missing.
"We haven't been able to get into the park to do an animal count because the police are still taking fingerprints and investigating,'" she said.
She said the animals stolen were all part of the park's educational collection.
"These are the ones we take out to show our visitors,'" she said.
"They are very rare and specialised - they aren't dangerous but they need our care. A lot of them are also used in our regional breeding programs with other zoos.'"
Ms Vella said the animals taken were a mix between exotic and native and included geckos, lizards and a baby alligator.
"We're devastated. We love these animals like they are our own,'" she said.
"They all have their own personalities and we are really worried about them."
Read more here. Additional information and a video report are here.
Photo: Seven Network
This image of a Chameleon, uploaded by kingsnake.com user 1Sun, is our herp photo of the day!
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Wednesday, July 17 2013
Never underestimate the power of a snake.
From NBC Washington:
A snake slithered its way into some equipment at a power substation, knocking out electricity to thousands in Arlington late Saturday night.
Read more here.
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