Keep up with news and features of interest to the reptile and amphibian community on the kingsnake.com blog. We cover breaking stories from the mainstream and scientific media, user-submitted photos and videos, and feature articles and photos by Jeff Barringer, Richard Bartlett, and other herpetologists and herpetoculturists.
The long-awaited results of the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL) study are finally in, and none of the animals in the study survived the winter. While that is not much of surprise to someone who has kept Burmese pythons, the real question remains. Will the results of this independent scientific study finally end the debate that has taken so much time, energy, money and jobs from our community and industry?
Not likely.
This has never been about science. It's been about the money and it's been about the media and it's been about getting re-elected -- but mostly it's been about the money. Pythons and our community just happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Regardless of the fact that the SREL study was an unbiased scientific study by an unbiased organization, since its conclusions have come down on "our" side of the fence it's now "our science." We can expect the opposition to either ignore it completely or find ways to discredit either it or the people involved. Millions of dollars in federal funding for the removal and remediation of these species, needed or not, are on the line, and you can expect that the individuals and organizations set to get a piece will all line up to take shots at the study.
To read the abstract of the SREL python study click here.
Now, to be fair, the snake was dead, the victim of revenge by one Zaver Rathod, a 35-year old man whose grasp on common sense and reason apparently weakens when incredibly small amounts of money are involved. Rathod, who killed the snake after it bit his friend in the city of Surat, was encouraged by his friends to eat the dead snake for 100 rupees.
The farm laborer eventually became violently ill and ultimately ending up in the hospital with a severe case of nausea and vomiting. In between the violent expelling of his stomach contents, one can only presume he was laughing over the fact that he totally won the bet.
This is one of those stories where you have to wonder if it's true. If it is, the snake species wasn't identified. My best guesses are one of these four: Indian cobra, common krait, Russell’s viper (pictured), and the saw-scaled viper.
What do you guess? And do you think it's real? And what would you do for two days' wages?
While out stalking deer, Sitesh Ranjan Deb was attacked by a Himalayan Black Bear. Nearly loosing his life gave him a different perspective on the native species, and changed his path forever.
From the AFP:
"Many of the species I grew up with -- wild boars, leopards -- are hardly ever seen now. These animals are in their last days.
"Illegal logging has damaged the forest so much there is no food for the animals. Unless we act now, they'll be gone forever in a few years."
Sitesh, 62, nurses injured wild animals brought to him by villagers back to health and also appears regularly on television shows campaigning for better public attitudes towards wild animals.
If possible, he releases the animals back into the jungle, while others he keeps in his small zoo -- including two hand-raised Himalayan black bears after the mother was killed, a 5.5 metre (18 foot) python and a rare albino fishing cat.
Even Sitesh's family home is filled with animals, the more "difficult cases" which need 24-hour care. Two jungle cat cubs, a baby python and a badly-injured Slow Loris (a primate species) are currently in residence.
"So far, I've freed more than 1,000 animals and that's not counting 2,000 birds," he said, displaying photographs of many former patients.
We all know snakes get a bad rap. Tell a stranger you love snakes, and you're usually rewarded with a cringe. But the state of New Jersey is trying to change that, and save native wildlife at the same time.
The Venomous Snake Response Team uses facts and understanding to help people overcome their fear and loathing. This cuts both ways — sympathizing with peoples' fears while helping them see the world from a snake's-eye point of view.
New Jersey has 22 species of snakes. Of these, only two are venomous: the timber rattlesnake and northern copperhead. Snakes are a vital link in the food chain; they help control insect and rodent populations and, in turn, provide food for raccoons, bears, coyotes, hawks and owls.
Snake populations have long been on the decline in New Jersey due to factors like road traffic, destruction of habitat, pollution, human persecution and snake collectors, to name but a few. As development encroaches on snake habitat, people find themselves living on top of the pathways snakes have used for centuries to travel between dens and foraging areas. Some new developments have been built right on denning sites!
Despite wildlife laws prohibiting killing, collecting or harassing native snakes, fear drives many people to kill them. Non-venomous species like northern water snakes are often mistaken for venomous varieties, increasing the fear factor.
Here's to one state taking a proactive stance on education!
Other concerns with the Commonwealth Games in Delhi aside, some are making the biggest complaint about the snakes. A South African athlete had a surprise in his room, and the teams are expressing concerns over safety.
From Yahoo News:
A South African athlete discovered the unwelcome guest in their room and the South African High Commissioner Harris Mbulelo has admitted he is now worried about the Games.
"We have very grave concerns," Mbulelo told the Press Trust of India news agency.
"If snakes are found we can't ask our teams to stay there."
From an interview an an ABC article, the Aussies put a lighter spin on it:
JOHN TAYLOR: And an unexpected hazard has emerged for India's organisers. Indian media is reporting that the South African team found a snake in one of its rooms in the athletes' village. And the Times of India newspaper carried a front page photo today of a man removing a one metre long Cobra from the Tennis Stadium.
STEVE MONEGHETTI: You don't want to see one. We come from the country got the most venomous snakes in the world so if any country is prepared it's probably us. Maybe we've planted a couple, I'm not sure, what sort were they? Did you get the identification of them?
REPORTER: Cobra.
STEVE MONEGHETTI: Cobras. Right, okay. Maybe, maybe, yeah well, its only a Cobra. What are we worried about?
MARK COLVIN: Well maybe just bring in some Mongeese.
With all the other problems, I think at this point they are just looking for something else to pile on.
The main theme was tiger conservation, but for herpers, the efforts in Nepal aid the survival of the most unusual of the crocodilians, the Gharial.
From NepalNews.com:
Speaking at the event, Constituent Assembly chairman Subas Chandra Nemwang, chief guest of the event, lauded and paid tribute to the contribution of the Conservation Heroes who lost who lost their lives in the tragic helicopter accident on 23 September 2006 at Ghunsa, Kangchenjunga.
While reflecting on the status of conservation in Nepal, he reiterated his stance that his reflection was in no way questioning the efforts of conservationists in Nepal but rather a request to them to investigate carefully the means to improve such conservation efforts in the future, be it for the tiger, dolphin or gharial, and their habitats.
"Forests are the most important habitats for species such as the tiger, rhino and elephant; it is interesting to note that cases of forest degradation and encroachment have been highest during recent times when Nepal has been facing a volatile political climate," he added.
It'll come as a disappointment to the media, no doubt, but it looks like giant Burmese Pythons aren't going to flood out of the Everglades and take over half the United States after all.
The Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL) study is completed, and the findings are clear -- and no surprise at all to those who know anything about Burmese Pythons. From the Aikenstandard.com:
Of the 10 pythons tracked, none survived the winter, all succumbing to one of the most brutal winters on record in South Carolina.
"Our results suggest that Burmese pythons from the population currently established in Florida are capable of withstanding conditions substantially cooler that those typically experienced in southern Florida, but may not be able to survive severe winters in regions as temperate as central South Carolina," the researchers reported.
[....]
Half of the snakes perished on Dec. 11, when temperatures dipped to around 25 degrees. Of those initial deaths, none of the snakes had sought cover or refuge in the artificial dens. Three more snakes died between Dec. 17 and Jan. 4, each having failed to seek cover during subfreezing temperatures. The last two snakes were found in underground cover in mid January during an extreme cold spell.
The study initially drew fire from the reptile community because of the provision of artificial dens, food being provided as opposed to the snakes having to fend for themselves, and warmer temperatures caused by run-off from the local power plant. Even with all those factors taken into account, however, the pythons still did not survive the winter.
To read the study, click here. Just a warning, the full study will cost $34.00. The abstract, however, is presented in its entirety after the bump.
Harry the Croc - who has already successfully predicted the winner of the Soccer World Cup (Spain) and the Australian Federal Election (not Spain) - eyed both flags warily yesterday before he settled on a winner.
Staff at Crocosaurus Cove dangled chickens from Collingwood and St Kilda flags as the crowd waited in tense silence for the reptilian Oracle to speak.
And he's no Saint. Almost predictably for a croc as big as Harry, he went straight for the Pies.
Harry then went on to pick the winner in the federal election. Of course the real giggle is that this is national news.
Budding entrepreneur Cai Yong thought it would be great to hatch and raise up a large group of Cobras to make money off the venom extracted. Maybe he should have thought his business plan through a little more, because residents of his remote Xianling village were not pleased to find snakes everywhere, including the bathroom:
Starting at the beginning of this month, cobras were spotted in outhouse toilets, kitchens, front yards and the mah-jong parlour in the tiny farming village in Qijiang county in Chongqing municipality, south-western China.
'I saw one in the bathroom,'' said Zhang Suli, 47, the wife of a corn and rice farmer. ''I was scared, and I started screaming.''
The Mid-Autumn Festival holiday this week, when Chinese celebrate the season's harvest moon, has not been an auspicious one for the people of Xianling.
First, there was the cobras-gone-wild story, which veered between slapstick and terror. Then an apparent government clampdown followed, in which officials declared that most of the snakes had been captured and all was well, assertions that many locals did not believe.
More than half of the 3000 cobras have been confiscated, some are still loose. While Chinese officials state that, "All is well and there is nothing to see," villagers are still claiming to see the loose snakes.
A few things Cai Yong should have considered: Venom extractions must be done in a controlled environment. Venom removed incorrectly (this includes removals in the field) are not always viable for research; sterile controlled conditions are required. Proper storage of the specimens prevent damage. Not to mention the obvious danger of extracting.
To read the full article, click here. I could find no actual ID on the cobras, so I just used a pic of one of the many we met at Reptile Gardens.
Cochise County can be a dangerous place. A rise in serious Mojave Rattlesnake encounters is prompting pharmacy students to learn more about their venom and possible find a change in its composition.
From the Arizona Daily Wildcat:
As Part of their senior year project at the College of Pharmacy, students Kelvin Richards and Ryan Curtis teamed up with Daniel Massey, Pharmacy resident at University Medical Center. By Studying the Mohave rattlesnake, the most common species in Cochise County, and comparing it with Pima County's they will determine if those Mohave rattlesnakes venom is becoming increasingly potent.
The research began in July, and is a project Massey has wanted to do for three years. "It's a personal passion of my own," Massey said. "I've been collecting snakes... I have pictures since I was 10 years old with rattlesnakes." He met the students through the Arizona Poison and Drug Control Information Center, which is supporting the collaborative research.
The venom of 19 Mohave rattlesnakes have been collected by a third party which provides them with the GPS location of the animals in order to make sure the snakes are from the area they are examining.
Longer recovery, more trouble stabilizing patients and unusual lab results led to the study. To read the full story click here.
My friend Jaffo came over to visit and was completely enthralled with my Rhino Iguana, Xan. I am working with his training and socialization with blueberries. Enjoy!
Before Steve Irwin and before Bear Grylls, there was Malcolm Douglas. The "Original Croc Hunter" in Australia, Doulgas was killed in a car crash at his Wilderness Wildlife Park near Broome today.
His shows combined education about the bush of Kimberly as well as survival techniques should one find themselves stranded in the bush. He also took you beyond nature and allowed you to get to know his Australia as well as the people that made his world. Things that are big sellers today on TV, but something he has been doing longer than I have been alive.
With a great passion for The Kimberly, he had two wildlife parks near Broome, The Wilderness Wildlife Park as well as The Crocodile Park near Cable Beach. The Crocodile Park served as a research station as well as a location that accepted nuisance crocs.
His original documentary "Across the Top" to this day remains one of the highest rated documentaries ever aired in Australia.
Two stories popped up today, both with reminders that we should appreciate -- and leave -- the wild the way it is.
From Oz, a report in The Examiner from Yamba's Whiting Beach:
Clarence Valley Wires reptile co-ordinator Stuart Dart said it was quite common for the species to be found in and around water.
“It appeared as though they were two males wrestling to be the dominant male of the area, or a male and a female mating,” he said.
Mr Dart said the sex of the animals was hard to determine without physically examining them and warned the public about approaching any snake as they were now becoming active after their winter hibernation.
And from Florida an article pointing out the benefits of native wildlife. From NaplesNews.com:
You might see them on the dry ground when they are young, feeding on frogs and lizards but as adults they will look for rodents, and birds in trees. Their body is built for climbing with constricting muscles and edged scales that run along its flattened belly. These specialized scales enable the snake to climb vertically in search of prey. I have even seen them resting on a tree limb. They are constrictors so they grab the prey with their mouths, coil around them to constrict their breathing and when dead, swallow them whole. These are beneficial reptiles that help to control rodents and other pests.
Last week, the story of a petite woman who went to South Carolina and bagged herself a monster alligator in a guided hunt made the national news. The popularity of the show "Swamp People" has alligator hunting on people's minds, too.
I would really like to hear what our community thinks about the alligator hunting story. I understand the need to cull the herd and keep populations viable and in check. I have been a member of the NRA and regularly mooch my share of fall venison off folks. I have also eaten alligator. Something just doesn't sit right with this story, however; it reminds me of the violence of a bull fight.
Afterward, however, some people became outraged by the methods used to dispatch the great reptile: baited fishing lines, followed by harpoons, a muzzle snare, shots from a .22-caliber weapon and, ultimately, a knife jab to the spinal cord.
"This woman should be in jail, not on TV," was among the tamer comments posted beneath a story on Carolinalive.com.
"They tortured that alligator for hours. That's just plain sick," a Bostonherald.com reader chimed in.
The video supplied by the AP is after the bump. What do you think?
It's a beautiful spectacle, graceful and calm. Not that (dancer Pamela) James really has any choice in the matter. She says she quickly noticed that Sunshine, the snake, gets nervous when the dancer moves up and down too quickly. Not thinking it a terribly good idea to make a boa constrictor nervous, James decided to pattern her dance on the snake's twisting movements.
"We're partners: she leads, I follow," says James, describing the relationship with the 20 pounds of muscle wrapped around her neck.
The scene in which she dances is written as one of the dramatic highlights of the entire work. It's a big responsibility for a young performer, one that's made both easier and harder by executing it in tandem with a predatory reptile.
It is glorious to see others appreciating the beauty we take for granted daily in our collections. Check out the opera if you are local to Portland and let us know what you think.
False teeth and Tuatara might seem like an odd combination, but research into the New Zealand reptile's teeth is going to benefit human denture wearers.
That's because Tuatara have teeth fixed to their jawbone rather than fixed to pockets with ligaments, like humans do. This research will give insight into how wearing dentures affects the muscles, ligaments and joints of the jaw of those who wear them. From Phsyorg.com:
The team has created a 3-D computer model of the skull of the tuatara to investigate the feedback that occurs between the jaw joints and muscles in a creature that lacks periodontal ligaments.
"Tuatara live happily for over 60 years in the wild without replacing their teeth because they have the ability to unconsciously measure the forces in their jaw joint and adjust the strength of the jaw muscle contractions accordingly", said Dr Curtis.
Although this explains why tuatara and people with false teeth manage not to break their teeth and don't end up with jaw joint disorders, it is still clear that having a periodontal ligament is very useful, in particular for fine tuning chewing movements. This may explain why it has evolved independently in the ancestors of mammals, crocodiles, dinosaurs, and even some fish.
The fossilized skeleton of Clarisse, a 50 million-year-old snake fossil from Wyoming, recently shared a lot with the medical community. The entire chunk of limestone that Clarisse is preserved in underwent a procedure at the United Methodist Hospital in Houston, intended to examine the evolutionary shift of eating small bites and swallowing whole prey is one of the primary interests of scientists.
aher, professor and curator of the collections of herpetology and paleontology at the Museu de Zoologia of the Universidade de São Paulo in Brazil, worked with the Museum of Natural Science in Houston to get Clarisse to Methodist for the scan. He believes Clarisse could be an evolutionary link between snakes who take a lot of small bites to eat their prey and snakes who swallow their prey whole.
....
Clarisse is the best preserved Caenozoic snake known in a U.S. scientific collection. According to preliminary analysis, this snake is believed to be closely related to Boavus indelmani, a booid snake described in the late 1930s. Zaher and the Houston museum hoped that getting a look at the underside of this unique fossil, as well as the inside of bones like the skull would shed some light on the evolutionary history of the species, and its relationship to booid snakes (like pythons and boas).
To read the full article at Science Daily, click here.
Two rare species of iguanas get a second lease on life, one in captivity and one in the wild.
First up, a stowaway Yucatan Spiny Tail Iguana (Ctenosaura defensor) gets new digs at the Detroit Zoo. From Freep.com:
The foot-long rare reptile called a Yucatán spiny-tailed iguana was spotted scooting across a loading dock July 29 at Ford Motor's Van Dyke Transmission Plant in Sterling Heights, zoo spokeswoman Patricia Janeway said.
"This is a unique and rare rescue situation," Detroit Zoo curator of reptiles Jeff Jundt said.
The species is found only in a small area of the Yucatán Peninsula, in a section of 1,200 square miles -- about twice the size of Oakland County, Janeway said.
A notice on the Detroit Zoo website updates us that the iguana will be moving to the Black Iguana cage in fall after his quarantine process.
In a story that thankfully occurred in the correct place, the Sun Coast Titans have a rookie to thank for saving the day.
From The Sydney Morning Herald:
Training on an outside field near their home ground of Skilled Park, the snake had woken from its winter slumber and slithered through the adjacent bushland to get a closer look at training.
It had settled itself in near a walking path before the fearless Ridge picked it up by the tail and relocated it 30m down beside a nearby creek.
The Titans players gathered around as Ridge expertly handled the curious reptile, with Preston Campbell among those who appreciated his exploits with the potentially dangerous creature.
While some of the other players admitted to a phobia of snakes, they praised Ben on his bravery. Let's just hope for his luck, he plays as well as he wrangles venomous snakes.
The reptile community hates them, but "snake sit-ins" are all the rage these days. "The Guiness Book of World Records" gave the fad the smack-down it deserves, however:
From AOL News:
Wilcox... said Guinness wants to discourage future attempts like this.
"Snakes are solitary animals, and we've been advised to not encourage Guinness World Records record attempts where they are forced to live together for long periods of time as there is a possibility of opportunistic cannibalism depending on the species," she said. "Our animal expert has also advised against exposing such animals to human presence for long periods of time."
Jones said that Guinness told him they haven't acknowledged any previous sit-ins and have no interest in adding the category.
The only snake-related record they accept is "most snakes in a bathtub with a person." Hey, a two for one -- Guiness and the Darwin Award with one stupid stunt!
Institutions from both countries also participate in the effort, headed by a group Haitians of the Anse-a-Pitre Active Youngsters Organization (OJAA), whose main goal is to monitor and protect the Haitian area where the iguanas (Leza Rico in Creole) live and nest.
The group’s efforts have already bore fruit with a proposal to declare the zone "communal protected area" and managed to halt some activities such as the extraction of sand that threatened to ruin the potential reserve.
Having just spent time seeing the San Diego Zoos work with the conservation efforts, I am extremely excited. Outreach in countries can be hard and getting folks involved can be even harder. The International Reptile Conservation Foundation (IRCF), one of the charities kingsnake.com has supported for years, also has put work into saving the Ricord's. To learn more about the IRCF's efforts click here. Photo of the Ricord's taken from the IRCF page.
There is much to be said about the high cost of California real estate, but you won't hear much complaining from the Galapagos tortoises in San Diego who just moved into new $1 million digs at the zoo.
To show off their new enclosure, the tortoises and the San Diego Zoo are hosting four days of REPTILEMANIA, a hands on experience with the cold and slithery, starting today and ending Sunday.
The Los Angeles Times has a great write up on the Zoo's tortoises on their web site today, with a lot of cool background material on the individual tortoises, their backgrounds, history, and personality traits.
Abbot (No. 25) is known for a stubborn streak, sometimes refusing to move even for a carrot or other leafy vegetable. The same is true with Madeline (No. 5), although she will sometimes fall in line when she sees other females being cooperative.
Chips (No. 9) seems the most playful and Emerson (No. 30) the most aggressive. Winston (No. 2B) sometimes blocks the door to the tortoise "bedroom" until he gets fed.
As for connubial activity, Gramma (No. 4), thought to be between 120 and 130 years old, is the most accommodating of the females. Augustus (No. 7) is considered the most lusty of the males, but given the right mood and setting, all the males will seek out a female or two.<
It would be fair to say that these tortoises have welcomed millions of visitors to the zoo over the years. I've met the zoo's tortoises three times myself, but would love to get the opportunity to check them out again.
It isn't every day that a reptile show will make TMZ, but when Leo is spotted, you know someone will get it there!
The article posted today on the TMZ website has an accompanying video in which Leo (that's Leonardo DiCaprio for those confused) was spotted buying an African Spur Thigh Tortoise from Prehistoric Pets Booth.
Sources close to the actor tell TMZ, Leo picked up the 10-year-old Sulcata tortoise at the North American Reptile Breeders Conference and Trade Show in Anaheim, CA over the weekend -- which he attended with fellow "Inception" star Lukas Haas -- and get this ... the animal can live to be 80 years old!
In 1997 when I started kingsnake.com (pictured right) , I never imagined that 13 years later we would still be here and that the site would have grown so huge. And technologies that were just dreams then, like web video, web-connected cell phones and iPads, are not only reality but commonplace today.
In 1997 we were happy to have pictures and colors, having just stepped up from HTML 1.0 which didn't allow for either.
Forums, classifieds, photo galleries, chat, video; we have added a lot to site over the years, so much in fact that the site was getting tough to navigate. Today we have relaunched kingsnake.com with an easier-to-navigate user interface.
But this is more than just a facelift, because we're also launching two huge new features.
Community Blog - You are reading this on kingsnake.com's brand new community blog. It allows any of our registered site users to start their own reptile or amphibian-oriented blog. Share your experiences, your pets, your politics and more!
Connect - kingsnake.com's Connect is a beta project being developed to let the herp community stay in touch with their friends and fellow hobbyists, keep each other up to date on legislative issues as they develop, and to build and strengthen the herp community network. Registered users of kingsnake.com can use it to share photos, links, information, alerts, updates and more.
Please bear in mind that Connect is a beta project and may need to be taken offline for updates from time to time. We have created a Connect forum to post questions, get answers, report bugs, and request features.
Our staff has worked hard over the last few months to bring these projects forward and we hope you enjoy the fruit of their efforts.
Check out some more pages from kingsnake.com's history after the jump.
I was flying back to Milwaukee Sunday, but kingsnake.com BFF Desiree Wong went to the show again and took another load of photos! Although she left before the Leo sighting (Leonardo Di Caprio attending the show just before close), she got some cool shots. And as always, many more photos to be found after the bump.
Saucy baby Red Foot Tortoise from Tortoise Supply:
Saturday night at the shows is auction night, and NARBC 2010 is no exception.
This year's auction proceeds went to two organizations working on legislative issues, PIJAC and USARK. Brian Potter was the ringmaster as always, and made it a fun evening. If you ever attend NARBC, please be prepared: this is NOT a family auction.
While we had some issues uploading, there was no shortage of pics at the show. I had a good time taking a few photos yesterday as I walked around and I will also be taking pics at the show today as well.
I had such a lovely time chatting with some of the most amazing women this weekend. I am still amazed that so few people realize that 49 percent of kingsnake.com users are female. I had some very involved conversations with these women this weekend and I have decided that, if given the chance, we could make world peace. We all are on the same page.