Keep up with news and features of interest to the reptile and amphibian community on the kingsnake.com blog. We cover breaking stories from the mainstream and scientific media, user-submitted photos and videos, and feature articles and photos by Jeff Barringer, Richard Bartlett, and other herpetologists and herpetoculturists.
There is just something adorable about the Bushveld rain frogs, and the cute, catchy video game music makes this a great way to wake up and start your weekend!
Submit your own reptile & amphibian videos at http://www.kingsnake.com/video/ and you could see them featured here or check out all the videos submitted by other users!
Last weekend saw the annual British Royal Pigeon Racing Association show in Blackpool. The show attracts around 15,000 visitors, with over 100 trade stands and around 3,000 animals. It’s the biggest pigeon show in the calendar and, as far as we are aware, it went off without a hitch.
But this is a reptile site, so why am I telling you this? Because at the same time as the pigeon show was happening, the UK reptile show scene is preparing for a landmark legal case to determine if reptile shows are legal.
The Federation of British Herpetologists, representing the interests of reptile societies and hobbyists, is confident that the judicial review will be a good thing for the hobby regardless of the outcome.
Should the review find in favour of the shows then this will be a major blow to the extremist animal rights organizations who wish to see the shows banned. Should the review go against the hobby, then government will be under enormous pressure to revise the loophole in the outdated legislation in British law which makes the legality of shows ambiguous. It is hoped that the shows will eventually be licensed as this will vindicate local authorities who are pressured into stopping the shows by animal rights campaigners.
Reptile shows are a hugely beneficial network facilitating the sharing of expertise. Many respected animal welfare organizations recommend hobbyists buy their animals directly from a reputable breeder, and these shows provide the best opportunity to achieve that aim. These shows and relationships help to advance the hobby.
More worryingly, should reptile shows be banned then the ruling would likely be rolled out to cover all vertebrate animals – dogs, cats, fish, rabbits and pigeons included. Then where would we be?
Looking hopeful that spring's around the corner, this wood turtle will bring a smile to your face in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user kensopher!
Although actually of Eurasian distribution, this hefty glass lizard is often referred to as the European Glass Lizard.
Commonly an unmarked light to dark brown overall, occasional examples are lighter with variable patterns of a darker brown. Hatchlings are gray with irregular darker banding. It may grow to 3 feet or slightly longer when an adult.
Although never of great hobbyist interest, it seems that there has always been a few of these brown glass lizards with the strongly keeled scales available in the pet trade. Prices have always been reasonable. For example, I just checked the Kingsnake.com classified section for "Other Lizards" and there are 2 ads for these interesting lizards asking $75.00 each.
Sadly (and perhaps strangely) there are very few O. apodus bred in captivity. Availability has always dependent on wild collected imports. This renders the availability of this taxon vulnerable to changing and ever more restrictive laws.
I would hope that we won't allow the availability of this interesting lizard to go the way of the Basin emerald tree boa or the Colombian horned frog, only 2 of many one-time common species that are now very difficult to find in the pet trade.
85 million year old aquatic reptile fossils were found in Israel, a reminder of a time when Israel was covered in water.
From the Jerusalem Post:
“This is the first time that a fossilized animal like this has been found in Israel during this period,” she said. “It’s very rare for an animal like this to be fossilized.”
Researchers found roughly 30 fossilized remnants of the reptile known as the Elasmosaurus, which Ashckenazi- Polivoda described as the “cousin of dinosaurs.” It was 8 meters long, with its elongated neck constituting a third of its body, she said.
“The most exciting thing is that this is the first time that a single species’ bones [of this type] were found in the same place here,” she added. “We’ve found similar fossils from 10 million years later, but never during this time.”
As the name itself describes, the vine snake, Ahaetulla nasuta, is a tree-reliant snake that camofluages itself as a vine in foliage. There are five species of vine snake found in India amongst which the green vine snake is most commonly found.
The green vine snake has a thin and long body that is expanded when disturbed to show a black and white scale marking otherwise hidden under the scales. The head is elongated and pointed, which appears like a leaf shape having attractive golden yellow eyes with black horizontal pupils.
The body colour is bright or dark green with a bluish tint in exceptional cases. The ventral side is separated by two white lines in the greenish dorsal under side. In an adult green vine snake, size varies from 150 to 200 cm. The green vine snake is viviparous by nature.
Vine snakes are found across the world including the South American and African continents. Most of the places it is called a whip snake.
I never got a chance to rescue this species because my area is a "concrete jungle," full of buildings, but I've come across vine snakes while herping. One fine morning in the jungles of Goa, I was herping for some vine snakes and pit viper snakes through the green trees and cool breeze.
Although it was a sunny morning, I could not find anything. Then I took a few steps back and realized I'd missed something due to the previous night's booze effect, and I saw a vine snake hiding himself in the green leaves. It was almost 7am and indeed a good start.
Vine snakes are a perfect example of nature’s beauty. Many of my friends call it "a snake from a different planet" because of its appearance, which makes it look different from other snakes. For me, "Green is my favourite colour and vine snake is my favourite creature in green."
Ahaetulla nasuta in threat posture by Sandilya Theuerkauf This file is licensed under the license.
Years of studying redtail coral venom has finally paid off.
From Johns Hopkins:
For more than a decade, a vial of rare snake venom refused to give up its secret formula for lethality; its toxins had no effect on the proteins that most venoms target.
It comes from a reclusive redtail coral snake, or Micrurus mipartitus, which is primarily found in Costa Rica and parts of South America.
But recently, an international team of researchers figured out the venom's recipe—a toxin that permanently activates a crucial type of nerve cell protein, causing deadly seizures in prey. The details were published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Monday.
Hump day blues kicking in? This leopard gecko hatching in our herp photo of the day is the new beginning we need to make it the rest of the week, uploaded by kingsnake.com user alkee42!
Since I live in Gainesville, Florida, and since blue and orange is the official color scheme of the Gaters, the University of Florida football team, it is only reasonable to think that I'm writing about football. And if I gave a twit about the game, perhaps I would be.
But the blue and orange I'm thinking of is found from Charlotte and Brevard counties southward to the tip of the peninsula. They are the breeding colors of the males of a fast moving, very agile, introduced lizard. Known as the red headed agama, Agama agama africana, the dominant males of this African pet trade lizard actually have a bright orange head that contrasts sharply with the deep blue body coloration.
Non-breeding males may be only slightly more colorful than the olive-gray females.
It was more than 2 decades ago that the South African subspecies of this lizard, Agama a. agama, (identified by an all blue-green tail) was first found to be feral in Florida. It is not known whether cold weather extirpated this taxon from Florida or whether it interbred with and was out-competed by the West African form (identified by a tricolored blue-orange-black tail) that is now present in the state.
The red headed agama may be seen on bridge abutments, old buildings, and ornamental exposed rocks in gardens and fences. It is quick to notice any movement that it considers threatening and quickly retreats to safety.
Pretty? Yes! Does it belong here? No. But this form has been present for about 20 years now and continues to expand its range. It may just become a permanent lacertilian fixture in the state.
A new water frog species was discovered in a place thought to be thoroughly explored.
From sci-news.com:
The specific name ventriflavum comes from the Latin venter, meaning belly, and flavus, meaning yellow and refers to the golden yellow and orange coloration on the body.
The populations of several species of the water frog genus Telmatobius have declined dramatically over the past 30 years, and the genus is now thought to be extinct in Ecuador. These declines have been associated with the spread of the fungal disease chytridiomycosis.
Telmatobius ventriflavum was discovered in the species-poor coastal valleys of central Peru, a region well studied but apparently still hiding surprises.
What is it about frogs that just make us smile? They pose without realizing it! This cute gray tree frog is just hanging out in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user gerryg!
The checkered keelback, Xenochrophis piscator, is one of the most commonly found water snakes in the Indian subcontinent. I call it "the serpentine mermaid" due to its aquatic habitat and a beautiful checkered pattern on its body personifying a mermaid. The word "keelback" describes rough scales in every keelback snake.
This snake appears to have a thick, round, and cylindrical body growing more slender toward the tail, with size varying from 140n to 175 cm in length. Checkered keelbacks have large eyes with round pupils, and a checkered pattern of glossy keeled scales can be seen on the upper body with rows of black, yellow, or moss-green checks alternating with white ones. Colours on the fore body can be seen in reddish, greenish, yellowish, brownish, and bluish shades, with white underside and two black streaks behind the eye.
These snakes are very aggressive and eager to bite when disturbed unexpectedly. A checkered keelback bite can be really painful because of its sharp pointed fangs, which help it to get a good grip on slippery fish and amphibians. I always prefer using a snake stick while handling a checkered keelback because I had a bad experience in the past being bitten by one, which was enormously painful with a deep scar.
These snakes prefer living in marshy water bodies like gutters, drainages, rivers, ponds, and lakes while staying on land at night. If threatened, it flattens its neck and strikes with mouth wide open. It is an oviparous snake laying 20-40 eggs in crevices near water. It was recorded that a female checkered keelback 150 cm long laid 110 eggs at the Pune Snake Park in Pune, Maharashta.
It's always fun handling a checkered keelback because of its active behavior, but the experience is scary, too!
Conjoined Quince monitor lizard twin, who were dead before hatching, were found in a zoo in 2009.
From Live Science:
It is possible that the reason the lizards were conjoined was partly due to the low amount of genetic variation that stemmed from having parents that were siblings, according to the report. In 2002, research was published on snakes, called Natrix tessellata, which showed a link between an increased rate of developmental abnormalities and a low genetic variability in small populations that had a limited number of ancestors.
Moreover, a study on sand lizards "revealed a significant effect of parental genetic similarity on the risk of hatching malformations," van Schingen said.
However, previous reports have also pointed to other potential causes of malformations in reptiles. For instance, in 2010, researchers described a case of a crocodile hatchling with eight legs and two tails in Venezuela that was found in an area that was exposed to chemicals from agriculture, according to the report.Another cause of deformations in reptiles may be adiet that is not well-suited to the needs of animals kept in captivity, which has previously been the case with bone malformations in green iguanas, van Schingen said.
kingsnake.com has launched a new cassified ad directory of those who have an active profile in our vendor profile system, which launched last year.
Listing in the directory is free with the purchase of a classified advertising account, and the listing stays active while the classified account is active. If the classified account expires or becomes inactive the vendor profile, and its listing in the directory, will "hibernate" until the classified account becomes active again.
The classified directory has an overview and detailed view of vendor listings, as well as vendors, classified ads, and events listed by state or province. To be listed, current vendors need to update their profiles.
You can check out the new Classified Vendor Directory here!
If you have a classified account but have not set up your vendor profile yet, you can set up or edit your profile by logging in at http://market.kingsnake.com/account/. If you already have a classified ad vendor profile, there is one minor update you'll want to make: adding a descriptive sentence about your business for the directory.
After 18 years kingsnake.com is still the largest and most popular reptile and amphibian classified site on the web. A kingsnake.com classified account enables you to post dozens of ads per day, seen by thousands of reptile and amphibian people worldwide, all for just pennies a day.
If you don't have a classified account, need to renew, or want to be listed in the Classified Vendor Directory, you can purchase a classified account for as little as $20 by going to http://www.kingsnake.com/shared/services/classified.php.
Despite being treated as one of the most 'disposable' of reptile pets, their regal nature is unmistakeable. Gotta love big green iguanas like this female in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user cycluracornuta!
After waiting 80 days, a clutch of bearded dragons finally begin pipping and hatching! Talk about taking it to the limit! What is the longest your eggs have gone?
Submit your own reptile & amphibian videos at http://www.kingsnake.com/video/ and you could see them featured here or check out all the videos submitted by other users!
This adorable crested gecko reminds us that it's always 5 o'clock somewhere! See why in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user BryanD!
One of the most characteristic sounds of the neotropical rain forests is a rather mournful whooping call that is often heard at dusk on rainy or very humid nights, but which may sometimes be heard well after the tropical darkness has fallen. Although many have heard this call, used in motion pictures and other sound tracks, far fewer realize that it is the breeding call of a frog--a big frog, a bullfrog sized frog.
It is the call of the smoky jungle frog, Leptodactylus pentadactylus, a common, primarily terrestrial, rainforest denizen, and it is one that we usually easily see on our tours. In fact, when climatic conditions are ideal we can at times see the red eyeshine of 10 or more on the forest trail just behind the compound on Madre Selva Biological Preserve.
The alert frogs often sit next to their burrows on the open trail, but they are wary and if not approached very carefully they will jump into the burrow long before you are close to them. They also breed in burrows with eggs laid in foam nests that may or may not be in contact with water.
I should mention that the glandular secretions of this and related species are quite virulent. It is best not to handle these frogs if you have open cuts/scratches on your hands and need I say this? After handling one NEVER RUB YOUR EYES before washing your hands!
One police officer brought a blue-tongued lizard into the station 30 years ago, and lizards have had a home there ever since.
From ABC News Australia:
The site now has a purpose built courtyard for the lizards which are mascots for the station.
Cheryl Hackett, the Belconnen Station's administrator, said being the chief lizard carer at the site was on the job description when she took over the role last year.
"They're beautiful, they really are, I never had a lizard, never owned one but I just love 'em," she said.
Earlier this week the lizard population at the station swelled from eight to 18 when one of the females gave birth.
If all snow was as beautiful as this snow splash sand boa, we might look forward to winter more. See the beautiful coloring in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user SerpentsPlus!
Internal USFWS/DOI politics over the status of the dunes sagebrush lizard have cost a field agent his career and shed light on policy decisions at the DOI that bring into question the agency's compliance with the Endangered Species Act.
The Houston Chronicle reports the decision as to whether or not the dunes sagebrush lizard would be listed, causing all sorts of problems for landowners and the oil industry, was pre-ordained by politics rather than determined by science, which is required by the Act.
"There was no way we were going to list a lizard in the middle of oil country during an election year."
This quote, said to have been uttered at a meeting by then-USFWS Albuquerque-based regional director Benjamin Tuggle according to court testimony by whistleblower and former USFWS agent Gary Mowad, is the "smoking gun" allegedly showing the listing decision was predetermined, a key tenet and violation of the Endangered Species Act.
Mowad had told internal investigators the federally-approved plan to conserve habitat for the reptile through voluntary pacts between the state and landowners was not legal, verifiable, or enforceable under the Endangered Species Act, before being banished to an inactive role in the agency.
Mowad sued and settled with the agency, an almost unprecedented conclusion to a USFWS whistleblower suit. However, that settlement leaves up in the air the question of the lizard's status, and to a greater extent, the USFWS decision to bow to politics rather than follow the law, a decision sure to haunt them in current and future lawsuits.
If the agency charged with enforcing the laws won't follow the laws themselves, they make a mockery of having the laws in the first place, and surrender any moral or ethical high ground they may have occupied.
The alligator population in North Carolina is growing, but allowing a hunting season may hurt their long-term security.
From newsobserver.com:
Moorman, coordinator of N.C. State’s fisheries, wildlife and conservation biology program, said he couldn’t estimate the state’s overall population. He said the survey didn’t try to tabulate all possible gators. They’ve shown up in recent years in inland waters as far west as Harnett County, which is between Raleigh and Fayetteville.
An alligator hunting season could manage growing populations and potential nuisance gators, offer a hunting opportunity to sportsmen and sportswomen, and provide revenue from permit sales to fund the monitoring of populations.
Nevertheless, “alligators in North Carolina may be more vulnerable to environmental stochasticity (randomness), including harsh winters and frequent hurricanes, than elsewhere, so predicting long-term effects of a sustained hunter harvest is especially difficult,” the researchers cautioned.
This copperhead is proof gold isn't the most precious of metals. See what we mean in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user HerpLver!
Terra cotta on olive green. The name on the tank was Trimeresurus kanburiensis, Kanburian bamboo viper. Unlike the all green bamboo vipers that looked much the same and only seldom had any collecting data, there was no mistaking this one for any taxon that I had seen before.
It was in the 1970s and Patti and I were keeping and breeding a fair number of palm and bamboo vipers of both New and Old World origin. I wondered, as I looked at the little snake then before me, whether I would ever be able to pair it up.
I decided nothing ventured nothing gained so when we left the dealer's that afternoon, the Kanburian pit viper accompanied us. It turned out that this snake lived for many years, but I was unable to pair it.
In fact, it was not until 1990s that I saw another of these terra cotta on olive beauties. Rather than T. kanburiensis these snakes (there were about a half dozen of them) were offered as T. venustus (brown-spotted pit viper). Since both gender were available and since they reminded me so very much of my old "kanburiensis" I bought a couple of pair and proceeded to try to learn the differences between T. kanburiensis and T. venustus.
It seemed that the most visible differences were the number of scale rows at mid-body: 21 for former and 19 for the latter. Venustus had the first 3 supralabials enlarged while the Kanburian did not. I checked and the new pit vipers all had 21 scale rows and enlarged labial scales. They were T. venustus.
Then I pulled a photo of that old 1970s example and although I wasn't positive on the scale row count it did have enlarged labials. I don't think that I have seen T. kanburiensis yet.
Not much is cuter than the sight of a baby radiated tortoise catching his first breath of air in our herp photo of the day, uploaded by kingsnake.com user marcp!
Seeing a loggerhead turtle tangled in a net, surfer Mitu Monteiro did the only sensible thing - he rescued the turtle.
From the New York Post:
Mitu Monteiro, 31, had spotted the Loggerhead while catching waves at Serra Negra Beach on Sal Island in Cape Verde, Africa after the little fella became tangled in a plastic net, Caters News Agency reports.
Upon further inspection, Monteiro noticed the neck and fins of the turtle were terribly entwined in the frayed edges of the packaging.
Thinking fast, the heroic surfer scooped up the turtle, placed him on his board and sailed back to shore — where the net was removed with the help of other surfers, according to Caters.
Here's to hoping this smiling albino fire salamander (Salamandra s. terrestris) in our herp photo of the day brightens up your Monday morning! It's uploaded by kingsnake.com user alessio.