Keep up with news and features of interest to the reptile and amphibian community on the kingsnake.com blog. We cover breaking stories from the mainstream and scientific media, user-submitted photos and videos, and feature articles and photos by Jeff Barringer, Richard Bartlett, and other herpetologists and herpetoculturists.
Tonight, Cindy Steinle spoke with Brian Potter, one of the founders of the North American Reptile Breeders Conference and Trade Show (NARBC), which is happening this weekend in Tinley Park.
Thai, the resident King Cobra,, was not in the mood to come out, so Rob Carmichael brought out dinner. Thai was very interested and then hung out while we had our own dinner, Lou Malanti's Pizza. Sorry for the less than stellar video quality; this was taken on my Blackberry.
kingsnake.com will be covering NARBC live, just like we did Anaheim last month. I'll be meeting up with Rob Carmichael of the Wildlife Discovery Center tonight and then on to Tinley Park for it's tenth anniversary show.
If you're there, look for me at set-up on Friday as well as at the show and auction over the rest of the weekend. Stop me and say hi!
You can follow us here on the blog, or by connecting with me (PHFaust) on Kingsnake Connect.
We also have a photo gallery made specifically for this show. Upload shots from the show while you're down there to share with everyone! You can find the NARBC Tinley Park gallery here.
Be sure to "like" us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter, to be reminded of our updates.
Are you a regular Twitter user? We have started a hashtag for the event! Post from the show with #narbc to join in on the fun! Not familiar with how hashtags work? No problem! Check out this helpful link for more information.
Safe travels to all on their way to and from the show. If you see me, please stop and say hi! And don't be shocked if I ask for a photo with you!
The neurotoxic properties of cobra venom can be used as an amazing pain reliever, however when used in horses at the race track, it tips the scales of the outcome. The use relieves the pain in the horses and allows them to push beyond safe limits.
A recent investigation of the use is flaring up folks down in Australia, causing a lot of turmoil. In the states possession is not illegal for anyone, however the racing industry has banned the use. The drawback is there is such a minimal amount used, it is impossible to detect.
HRNZ chief executive Edward Rennell took the report seriously – only nine months ago New South Wales harness authorities uncovered evidence that snake venom was in use in Australia.
Several trainers, including renowned thoroughbred trainer Patrick Biancone, have also been disqualified or suspended for using cobra venom in North America. Biancone's vet Rodney J Stewart, who admitted buying cobra venom from a Florida supplier, was banned for five years.
Last August the Sunday Star-Times also revealed Carl Forrester, now running a Morrinsville stable for Foxton-based Peter Scaife, was still wanted by United States police for his role in a conspiracy to dope horses with cobra venom and the blood-doping agent EPO.
The end result is a breakdown of the horse leading to it being destroyed. If many of you are scratching your heads wondering what use the cobra venom would have on a horse, check out this page on the Saratoga County Disctrict Attorney website.
The use of a highly toxic substance in order to win a horse race may seem paradoxical, but the chemical structure of cobra venom makes it an effective painkiller when administered under the skin in very small quantities. By deadening the nerves that lead from the source of pain to the brain, cobra venom can allow a horse to ignore physical problems and run through them, officials say. It is believed to be effective only when administered within four hours of a race.
Well not illegal, the ethical problems with this are too numerous to touch on. A race is not worth the death of an animal under any circumstances. Now I can't wait to see what the Self Envenomation crowd has to say.
It's certainly worthy of some kind of "recognition": An oil well spilled for almost three months off the Gulf Coast, killing at least 6,104 birds, 593 sea turtles and 98 mammals, not to mention untold numbers of blue fin tuna. This spill destroyed families, killed numerous jobs, and left beaches and swamp lands in ruin.
In honor of the worst environmental disaster in U.S. history, former BP head Tony Hayward has been presented with the Rubber Dodo Award from the Center for Biological Diversity. From their website:
“If there was ever a deserving Rubber Dodo Award recipient, it is Tony Hayward,” said Kierán Suckling, the Center’s executive director. “While famously whining that he ‘wanted his life back,’ Hayward showed no remorse for the thousands of rare and endangered animals BP killed in its spill.”
....
“History will remember Hayward as the man at the helm of BP when it unleashed the worst environmental disaster in American history,” said Suckling.
“Hayward not only pushed BP into causing the spill by creating a corporate culture of risk-taking and cutting corners, he failed to take responsibility after the spill and make all of BP’s resources available to contain it.”
Why a "Dodo?" The site gives a little history on it:
In 1598, Dutch sailors landing on the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius discovered a flightless, three-foot-tall, extraordinarily friendly bird. Its original scientific name was Didus ineptus. (Contemporary scientists use the less defamatory Raphus cucullatus.) To the rest of the world, it’s the dodo — the most famous extinct species on Earth. It evolved over millions of years with no natural predators and eventually lost the ability to fly, becoming a land-based consumer of fruits, nuts and berries. Having never known predators, it showed no fear of humans or the menagerie of animals accompanying them to Mauritius.
Its trusting nature led to its rapid extinction. By 1681, the dodo was extinct, having been hunted and outcompeted by humans, dogs, cats, rats, macaques and pigs. Humans logged its forest cover and pigs uprooted and ate much of the understory vegetation.
Tony Hayward couldn't be more deserving of this award.
Do you remember your first experience with reptiles? I do, and it was painful.
The first reptile I remember was a “gardener” (ok I was 5 or so) snake that I took home. This was back 30 or so years ago when snakes were still plentiful in our neighborhoods. Not much has changed with the area, but the snakes are gone.
Proudly walking into the kitchen with my prize in hand, I encountered a very upset mother. Apparently she was not a fan of snakes, let alone a worm of a local garter. And, needless to say, the garter was not happy with my stress-induced squeezing and proceeded to musk my mother.
I was the kid who brought frogs and toads back to the family trailer at the campground. I was the kid chasing snakes thru the fields. I took a while to reconcile that 5-year-old child with my adult self, but eventually I did.
As we look at pending and proposed laws, I wonder, how many of our lives were shaped by those 5-year-old selves? For those of us who make our living from the industry portion of our community, do we remember that kid inside?
Let’s hear where your inner kid came from. What is the first experience you remember with a reptile?
Photo of the probable species garter I took home thanks to Erik Williams of the CHS.
There's a whole new way to search for reptile-related businesses on kingsnake.com -- don't miss your chance to be part of it!
As part of our ongoing upgrades, kingsnake.com has launched a brand new business search feature. This allows our users to search reptile and amphibian businesses in our directory by keywords in a "live" format similar, to Google's new live search.
While kingsnake.com has long maintained a reptile and amphibian business directory, this is the first time we have offered a keyword search that allows you to search our listings by products and services rather than just business name.
The search block will appear in numerous locations around kingsnake.com, including the main index page, as well as the classified and forum indexes.
Businesses that have a kingsnake.com storefront or hosting account that is listed in the business directory may update their keywords by updating the information in their user profile.
If you would like to list your reptile or amphibian oriented business in the directory and have it appear in the new "live" search results, you'll need to purchase a storefront account online. Regularly $162.38 per year, right now we have a trial offer that will allow new storefronts to register for only $108.25 per year. To take advantage of the trial offer click here!.
The feeling of rushing in and saving the day can be heady at best, but really what sort of lesson are you teaching kids when you open fire on a retreating snake in a school yard? Apparently the lesson of that day was it is cool to kill native wildlife.
In Mesa, AZ, this week, the news glorified a grandfather who shot a diamondback on their property, even according to reports that the animal was retreating and unable to be killed with a shovel.
From KPHO.com:
A grandfather rode to the rescue of a Mesa school when he shot and killed a diamondback rattlesnake on school grounds Tuesday.
[....]
Normally, a shovel would be the weapon of choice, but the diamondback had scurried into the bushes.
Not wanting the snake to endanger the kids again, Rich Drappo said he grabbed his .22-caliber pistol out of his pickup truck and made quick work of the unwelcome serpent.
“You gotta do what you gotta do,” Drappo said.
Taking advantage of a show-and-tell opportunity, he called the kids out of their classrooms to show them the headless harasser.
This act of "bravery" earned him the glorious nick name of "Rich the Snake Killer." I'm sure the family is quite proud. Of course, I'm sure he'd be the first to complain about the rodent problems once all the snakes are gone.
There's a new breed of animal television show out there, and it's not your friend.
When I was growing up in the '60s and '70s, we had three whole TV channels to chose from -- at least til PBS came along and made it four. On Sunday nights in our house it was always Mutual of Omaha's "Wild Kingdom" followed by Disney. If we were real lucky after that there might even be a Jacques Cousteau special. I can almost hear Marlon Perkins nasally twang "I'll be upstream in the duck blind with a pitcher of margaritas while Jim wrestles for his life with the mighty 20-foot anaconda in the river." Big stuff when you're a six-year-old kid.
Animal programming back in the day was simpler, more honest, wholesome (at least onscreen), and viewers were taught to respect animals. Marlon, Jacques, Marty Stouffer and the others of the era really cared about the animals they were working with. I guess it was a different time and a different culture then, with far fewer distractions and a lot fewer media-hours to fill.
Today, the right message about animals has gone by the wayside. While some current and recent shows carry on those traditions to an extent, like "O'Shea's Big Adventure," Nigel Marvin, and of course the late Steve Irwin, a new crop of shows is taking over. These self-described "reality" shows are about animal abuse and misery, about people with mental illness, and about using shock and gruesomeness, and the real suffering of people and animals, to attract an audience.
And if you think the people who make those shows are our friends, think again.
In a fight that has lasted longer than the war in Afghanistan and Iraq combined, the U.S. Navy is now attempting to bomb Guam's invasive Brown Tree Snake out of existence. They're doing it not with explosives or GPS and laser guided smart weapons, but with dead mice equipped with wings and packed with Tylenol, according to a news story in today's "Stars and Stripes."
By airdropping 200 mice equipped with wings, a tail streamer, and a tracking device, the Navy is studying effectiveness before considering a broader implementation.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture, along with the Environmental Protection Agency, started researching ways to poison the tree snakes with commonly available commercial products. They provide a regulatory advantage because they’ve already undergone extensive testing, said Dan Vice, assistant state director of USDA Wildlife Services in Hawaii, Guam and the Pacific Islands.
After years of research, they discovered the household pain reliever acetaminophen was a deadly poison to snakes in small doses, and the EPA approved its use in Guam, Vice said.
Sadly, acetaminophen is a deadly poison to many other species as well, and this method of targeting is liable to be found to be too broad for application on a wide scale. Who knows what else will eat the mice and die or how far up the food chain it will go? Hopefully this study will provide that data. To read more check out the article in Stars and Stripes.
The long-awaited results of the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL) study are finally in, and none of the animals in the study survived the winter. While that is not much of surprise to someone who has kept Burmese pythons, the real question remains. Will the results of this independent scientific study finally end the debate that has taken so much time, energy, money and jobs from our community and industry?
Not likely.
This has never been about science. It's been about the money and it's been about the media and it's been about getting re-elected -- but mostly it's been about the money. Pythons and our community just happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Regardless of the fact that the SREL study was an unbiased scientific study by an unbiased organization, since its conclusions have come down on "our" side of the fence it's now "our science." We can expect the opposition to either ignore it completely or find ways to discredit either it or the people involved. Millions of dollars in federal funding for the removal and remediation of these species, needed or not, are on the line, and you can expect that the individuals and organizations set to get a piece will all line up to take shots at the study.
To read the abstract of the SREL python study click here.
Now, to be fair, the snake was dead, the victim of revenge by one Zaver Rathod, a 35-year old man whose grasp on common sense and reason apparently weakens when incredibly small amounts of money are involved. Rathod, who killed the snake after it bit his friend in the city of Surat, was encouraged by his friends to eat the dead snake for 100 rupees.
The farm laborer eventually became violently ill and ultimately ending up in the hospital with a severe case of nausea and vomiting. In between the violent expelling of his stomach contents, one can only presume he was laughing over the fact that he totally won the bet.
This is one of those stories where you have to wonder if it's true. If it is, the snake species wasn't identified. My best guesses are one of these four: Indian cobra, common krait, Russell’s viper (pictured), and the saw-scaled viper.
What do you guess? And do you think it's real? And what would you do for two days' wages?
While out stalking deer, Sitesh Ranjan Deb was attacked by a Himalayan Black Bear. Nearly loosing his life gave him a different perspective on the native species, and changed his path forever.
From the AFP:
"Many of the species I grew up with -- wild boars, leopards -- are hardly ever seen now. These animals are in their last days.
"Illegal logging has damaged the forest so much there is no food for the animals. Unless we act now, they'll be gone forever in a few years."
Sitesh, 62, nurses injured wild animals brought to him by villagers back to health and also appears regularly on television shows campaigning for better public attitudes towards wild animals.
If possible, he releases the animals back into the jungle, while others he keeps in his small zoo -- including two hand-raised Himalayan black bears after the mother was killed, a 5.5 metre (18 foot) python and a rare albino fishing cat.
Even Sitesh's family home is filled with animals, the more "difficult cases" which need 24-hour care. Two jungle cat cubs, a baby python and a badly-injured Slow Loris (a primate species) are currently in residence.
"So far, I've freed more than 1,000 animals and that's not counting 2,000 birds," he said, displaying photographs of many former patients.
We all know snakes get a bad rap. Tell a stranger you love snakes, and you're usually rewarded with a cringe. But the state of New Jersey is trying to change that, and save native wildlife at the same time.
The Venomous Snake Response Team uses facts and understanding to help people overcome their fear and loathing. This cuts both ways — sympathizing with peoples' fears while helping them see the world from a snake's-eye point of view.
New Jersey has 22 species of snakes. Of these, only two are venomous: the timber rattlesnake and northern copperhead. Snakes are a vital link in the food chain; they help control insect and rodent populations and, in turn, provide food for raccoons, bears, coyotes, hawks and owls.
Snake populations have long been on the decline in New Jersey due to factors like road traffic, destruction of habitat, pollution, human persecution and snake collectors, to name but a few. As development encroaches on snake habitat, people find themselves living on top of the pathways snakes have used for centuries to travel between dens and foraging areas. Some new developments have been built right on denning sites!
Despite wildlife laws prohibiting killing, collecting or harassing native snakes, fear drives many people to kill them. Non-venomous species like northern water snakes are often mistaken for venomous varieties, increasing the fear factor.
Here's to one state taking a proactive stance on education!
Other concerns with the Commonwealth Games in Delhi aside, some are making the biggest complaint about the snakes. A South African athlete had a surprise in his room, and the teams are expressing concerns over safety.
From Yahoo News:
A South African athlete discovered the unwelcome guest in their room and the South African High Commissioner Harris Mbulelo has admitted he is now worried about the Games.
"We have very grave concerns," Mbulelo told the Press Trust of India news agency.
"If snakes are found we can't ask our teams to stay there."
From an interview an an ABC article, the Aussies put a lighter spin on it:
JOHN TAYLOR: And an unexpected hazard has emerged for India's organisers. Indian media is reporting that the South African team found a snake in one of its rooms in the athletes' village. And the Times of India newspaper carried a front page photo today of a man removing a one metre long Cobra from the Tennis Stadium.
STEVE MONEGHETTI: You don't want to see one. We come from the country got the most venomous snakes in the world so if any country is prepared it's probably us. Maybe we've planted a couple, I'm not sure, what sort were they? Did you get the identification of them?
REPORTER: Cobra.
STEVE MONEGHETTI: Cobras. Right, okay. Maybe, maybe, yeah well, its only a Cobra. What are we worried about?
MARK COLVIN: Well maybe just bring in some Mongeese.
With all the other problems, I think at this point they are just looking for something else to pile on.
The main theme was tiger conservation, but for herpers, the efforts in Nepal aid the survival of the most unusual of the crocodilians, the Gharial.
From NepalNews.com:
Speaking at the event, Constituent Assembly chairman Subas Chandra Nemwang, chief guest of the event, lauded and paid tribute to the contribution of the Conservation Heroes who lost who lost their lives in the tragic helicopter accident on 23 September 2006 at Ghunsa, Kangchenjunga.
While reflecting on the status of conservation in Nepal, he reiterated his stance that his reflection was in no way questioning the efforts of conservationists in Nepal but rather a request to them to investigate carefully the means to improve such conservation efforts in the future, be it for the tiger, dolphin or gharial, and their habitats.
"Forests are the most important habitats for species such as the tiger, rhino and elephant; it is interesting to note that cases of forest degradation and encroachment have been highest during recent times when Nepal has been facing a volatile political climate," he added.
It'll come as a disappointment to the media, no doubt, but it looks like giant Burmese Pythons aren't going to flood out of the Everglades and take over half the United States after all.
The Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (SREL) study is completed, and the findings are clear -- and no surprise at all to those who know anything about Burmese Pythons. From the Aikenstandard.com:
Of the 10 pythons tracked, none survived the winter, all succumbing to one of the most brutal winters on record in South Carolina.
"Our results suggest that Burmese pythons from the population currently established in Florida are capable of withstanding conditions substantially cooler that those typically experienced in southern Florida, but may not be able to survive severe winters in regions as temperate as central South Carolina," the researchers reported.
[....]
Half of the snakes perished on Dec. 11, when temperatures dipped to around 25 degrees. Of those initial deaths, none of the snakes had sought cover or refuge in the artificial dens. Three more snakes died between Dec. 17 and Jan. 4, each having failed to seek cover during subfreezing temperatures. The last two snakes were found in underground cover in mid January during an extreme cold spell.
The study initially drew fire from the reptile community because of the provision of artificial dens, food being provided as opposed to the snakes having to fend for themselves, and warmer temperatures caused by run-off from the local power plant. Even with all those factors taken into account, however, the pythons still did not survive the winter.
To read the study, click here. Just a warning, the full study will cost $34.00. The abstract, however, is presented in its entirety after the bump.
Harry the Croc - who has already successfully predicted the winner of the Soccer World Cup (Spain) and the Australian Federal Election (not Spain) - eyed both flags warily yesterday before he settled on a winner.
Staff at Crocosaurus Cove dangled chickens from Collingwood and St Kilda flags as the crowd waited in tense silence for the reptilian Oracle to speak.
And he's no Saint. Almost predictably for a croc as big as Harry, he went straight for the Pies.
Harry then went on to pick the winner in the federal election. Of course the real giggle is that this is national news.
Budding entrepreneur Cai Yong thought it would be great to hatch and raise up a large group of Cobras to make money off the venom extracted. Maybe he should have thought his business plan through a little more, because residents of his remote Xianling village were not pleased to find snakes everywhere, including the bathroom:
Starting at the beginning of this month, cobras were spotted in outhouse toilets, kitchens, front yards and the mah-jong parlour in the tiny farming village in Qijiang county in Chongqing municipality, south-western China.
'I saw one in the bathroom,'' said Zhang Suli, 47, the wife of a corn and rice farmer. ''I was scared, and I started screaming.''
The Mid-Autumn Festival holiday this week, when Chinese celebrate the season's harvest moon, has not been an auspicious one for the people of Xianling.
First, there was the cobras-gone-wild story, which veered between slapstick and terror. Then an apparent government clampdown followed, in which officials declared that most of the snakes had been captured and all was well, assertions that many locals did not believe.
More than half of the 3000 cobras have been confiscated, some are still loose. While Chinese officials state that, "All is well and there is nothing to see," villagers are still claiming to see the loose snakes.
A few things Cai Yong should have considered: Venom extractions must be done in a controlled environment. Venom removed incorrectly (this includes removals in the field) are not always viable for research; sterile controlled conditions are required. Proper storage of the specimens prevent damage. Not to mention the obvious danger of extracting.
To read the full article, click here. I could find no actual ID on the cobras, so I just used a pic of one of the many we met at Reptile Gardens.
Cochise County can be a dangerous place. A rise in serious Mojave Rattlesnake encounters is prompting pharmacy students to learn more about their venom and possible find a change in its composition.
From the Arizona Daily Wildcat:
As Part of their senior year project at the College of Pharmacy, students Kelvin Richards and Ryan Curtis teamed up with Daniel Massey, Pharmacy resident at University Medical Center. By Studying the Mohave rattlesnake, the most common species in Cochise County, and comparing it with Pima County's they will determine if those Mohave rattlesnakes venom is becoming increasingly potent.
The research began in July, and is a project Massey has wanted to do for three years. "It's a personal passion of my own," Massey said. "I've been collecting snakes... I have pictures since I was 10 years old with rattlesnakes." He met the students through the Arizona Poison and Drug Control Information Center, which is supporting the collaborative research.
The venom of 19 Mohave rattlesnakes have been collected by a third party which provides them with the GPS location of the animals in order to make sure the snakes are from the area they are examining.
Longer recovery, more trouble stabilizing patients and unusual lab results led to the study. To read the full story click here.
My friend Jaffo came over to visit and was completely enthralled with my Rhino Iguana, Xan. I am working with his training and socialization with blueberries. Enjoy!
Before Steve Irwin and before Bear Grylls, there was Malcolm Douglas. The "Original Croc Hunter" in Australia, Doulgas was killed in a car crash at his Wilderness Wildlife Park near Broome today.
His shows combined education about the bush of Kimberly as well as survival techniques should one find themselves stranded in the bush. He also took you beyond nature and allowed you to get to know his Australia as well as the people that made his world. Things that are big sellers today on TV, but something he has been doing longer than I have been alive.
With a great passion for The Kimberly, he had two wildlife parks near Broome, The Wilderness Wildlife Park as well as The Crocodile Park near Cable Beach. The Crocodile Park served as a research station as well as a location that accepted nuisance crocs.
His original documentary "Across the Top" to this day remains one of the highest rated documentaries ever aired in Australia.
Two stories popped up today, both with reminders that we should appreciate -- and leave -- the wild the way it is.
From Oz, a report in The Examiner from Yamba's Whiting Beach:
Clarence Valley Wires reptile co-ordinator Stuart Dart said it was quite common for the species to be found in and around water.
“It appeared as though they were two males wrestling to be the dominant male of the area, or a male and a female mating,” he said.
Mr Dart said the sex of the animals was hard to determine without physically examining them and warned the public about approaching any snake as they were now becoming active after their winter hibernation.
And from Florida an article pointing out the benefits of native wildlife. From NaplesNews.com:
You might see them on the dry ground when they are young, feeding on frogs and lizards but as adults they will look for rodents, and birds in trees. Their body is built for climbing with constricting muscles and edged scales that run along its flattened belly. These specialized scales enable the snake to climb vertically in search of prey. I have even seen them resting on a tree limb. They are constrictors so they grab the prey with their mouths, coil around them to constrict their breathing and when dead, swallow them whole. These are beneficial reptiles that help to control rodents and other pests.
Last week, the story of a petite woman who went to South Carolina and bagged herself a monster alligator in a guided hunt made the national news. The popularity of the show "Swamp People" has alligator hunting on people's minds, too.
I would really like to hear what our community thinks about the alligator hunting story. I understand the need to cull the herd and keep populations viable and in check. I have been a member of the NRA and regularly mooch my share of fall venison off folks. I have also eaten alligator. Something just doesn't sit right with this story, however; it reminds me of the violence of a bull fight.
Afterward, however, some people became outraged by the methods used to dispatch the great reptile: baited fishing lines, followed by harpoons, a muzzle snare, shots from a .22-caliber weapon and, ultimately, a knife jab to the spinal cord.
"This woman should be in jail, not on TV," was among the tamer comments posted beneath a story on Carolinalive.com.
"They tortured that alligator for hours. That's just plain sick," a Bostonherald.com reader chimed in.
The video supplied by the AP is after the bump. What do you think?
It's a beautiful spectacle, graceful and calm. Not that (dancer Pamela) James really has any choice in the matter. She says she quickly noticed that Sunshine, the snake, gets nervous when the dancer moves up and down too quickly. Not thinking it a terribly good idea to make a boa constrictor nervous, James decided to pattern her dance on the snake's twisting movements.
"We're partners: she leads, I follow," says James, describing the relationship with the 20 pounds of muscle wrapped around her neck.
The scene in which she dances is written as one of the dramatic highlights of the entire work. It's a big responsibility for a young performer, one that's made both easier and harder by executing it in tandem with a predatory reptile.
It is glorious to see others appreciating the beauty we take for granted daily in our collections. Check out the opera if you are local to Portland and let us know what you think.
False teeth and Tuatara might seem like an odd combination, but research into the New Zealand reptile's teeth is going to benefit human denture wearers.
That's because Tuatara have teeth fixed to their jawbone rather than fixed to pockets with ligaments, like humans do. This research will give insight into how wearing dentures affects the muscles, ligaments and joints of the jaw of those who wear them. From Phsyorg.com:
The team has created a 3-D computer model of the skull of the tuatara to investigate the feedback that occurs between the jaw joints and muscles in a creature that lacks periodontal ligaments.
"Tuatara live happily for over 60 years in the wild without replacing their teeth because they have the ability to unconsciously measure the forces in their jaw joint and adjust the strength of the jaw muscle contractions accordingly", said Dr Curtis.
Although this explains why tuatara and people with false teeth manage not to break their teeth and don't end up with jaw joint disorders, it is still clear that having a periodontal ligament is very useful, in particular for fine tuning chewing movements. This may explain why it has evolved independently in the ancestors of mammals, crocodiles, dinosaurs, and even some fish.
The fossilized skeleton of Clarisse, a 50 million-year-old snake fossil from Wyoming, recently shared a lot with the medical community. The entire chunk of limestone that Clarisse is preserved in underwent a procedure at the United Methodist Hospital in Houston, intended to examine the evolutionary shift of eating small bites and swallowing whole prey is one of the primary interests of scientists.
aher, professor and curator of the collections of herpetology and paleontology at the Museu de Zoologia of the Universidade de São Paulo in Brazil, worked with the Museum of Natural Science in Houston to get Clarisse to Methodist for the scan. He believes Clarisse could be an evolutionary link between snakes who take a lot of small bites to eat their prey and snakes who swallow their prey whole.
....
Clarisse is the best preserved Caenozoic snake known in a U.S. scientific collection. According to preliminary analysis, this snake is believed to be closely related to Boavus indelmani, a booid snake described in the late 1930s. Zaher and the Houston museum hoped that getting a look at the underside of this unique fossil, as well as the inside of bones like the skull would shed some light on the evolutionary history of the species, and its relationship to booid snakes (like pythons and boas).
To read the full article at Science Daily, click here.
Two rare species of iguanas get a second lease on life, one in captivity and one in the wild.
First up, a stowaway Yucatan Spiny Tail Iguana (Ctenosaura defensor) gets new digs at the Detroit Zoo. From Freep.com:
The foot-long rare reptile called a Yucatán spiny-tailed iguana was spotted scooting across a loading dock July 29 at Ford Motor's Van Dyke Transmission Plant in Sterling Heights, zoo spokeswoman Patricia Janeway said.
"This is a unique and rare rescue situation," Detroit Zoo curator of reptiles Jeff Jundt said.
The species is found only in a small area of the Yucatán Peninsula, in a section of 1,200 square miles -- about twice the size of Oakland County, Janeway said.
A notice on the Detroit Zoo website updates us that the iguana will be moving to the Black Iguana cage in fall after his quarantine process.
In a story that thankfully occurred in the correct place, the Sun Coast Titans have a rookie to thank for saving the day.
From The Sydney Morning Herald:
Training on an outside field near their home ground of Skilled Park, the snake had woken from its winter slumber and slithered through the adjacent bushland to get a closer look at training.
It had settled itself in near a walking path before the fearless Ridge picked it up by the tail and relocated it 30m down beside a nearby creek.
The Titans players gathered around as Ridge expertly handled the curious reptile, with Preston Campbell among those who appreciated his exploits with the potentially dangerous creature.
While some of the other players admitted to a phobia of snakes, they praised Ben on his bravery. Let's just hope for his luck, he plays as well as he wrangles venomous snakes.